The World Health Organization said addressing smoking, air pollution, physical inactivity and other modifiable risk factors could prevent or delay dementia by up to 45 percent. In a notice published on July 18, the agency also released updated guidance on dementia prevention for health workers and policymakers.

WHO described dementia as the seventh leading cause of death globally and a major cause of disability and dependence among older people. More than 57 million people worldwide currently live with dementia, while nearly 10 million new cases occur each year. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form, accounting for about 60 to 70 percent of cases.

The agency said there is no permanent cure for dementia, but risks can often be reduced by tackling smoking, excessive alcohol use, social isolation, high blood pressure, diabetes and high cholesterol. Cognitive stimulation activities and specialized training may help adults with mild mental and cognitive problems. WHO estimated dementia costs the global economy about $1.3 trillion annually, with nearly half linked to unpaid care provided by patients’ families and relatives.