A large-scale citizenship and voter registration crisis has emerged in India’s West Bengal, where many Muslim residents report being excluded from the electoral rolls following the Election Commission’s Special Intensive Revision (SIR) process. Families such as that of Aminul Islam in Murshidabad have lost voting rights despite presenting valid documents, leading to fears of statelessness and social exclusion. Reports indicate that around 9.2 million people have been removed or placed under adjudication, with Muslims disproportionately affected.

Data from the Shabar Institute and Alt News suggest that 60 percent of those excluded are Muslim, far exceeding their population share. In constituencies like Nandigram and Bhabanipur, Muslim voters have been disproportionately disenfranchised. Human rights concerns are rising as residents in border districts such as Malda and Murshidabad face harassment, surveillance, and intimidation by security agencies, drawing comparisons to Kashmir.

Observers warn that the exclusion could trigger forced displacement toward Bangladesh, with both BSF and BGB reporting incidents of attempted pushbacks. Rights groups fear the situation may escalate into a regional humanitarian and security crisis affecting South Asia’s stability.