UN Secretary-General António Guterres has warned Israel that it could be referred to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) if it does not reverse actions taken against the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA). In a letter sent on January 8 to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Guterres demanded that Israel repeal laws restricting UNRWA’s operations, return seized assets, and restore access to essential services.

Israel’s parliament passed a law in October 2024 banning UNRWA from operating in the country and prohibiting officials from engaging with the agency. The law was later amended to cut electricity and water supplies to UNRWA centers. Israeli authorities also seized the agency’s East Jerusalem office, an area the UN considers occupied territory, though Israel claims the entire city as its own.

Israel’s ambassador to the UN, Danny Danon, rejected Guterres’s letter, saying Israel would not be intimidated and accusing UNRWA of links to terrorism. UN officials and the Security Council have described UNRWA as vital to humanitarian operations in Gaza. The ICJ previously stated that Israel has obligations to ensure Gaza’s civilians’ basic needs, though its opinions are not legally binding.