India’s average fertility rate has fallen to 1.9, below the replacement threshold of 2.1, indicating a future population decline. The UNFPA’s State of World Population 2025 report highlights that improved education, reproductive health, and women’s empowerment have reduced fertility rates worldwide, including India. Economic pressures, job insecurity, and family influence shape fertility decisions. India’s population is projected to peak around 1.7 billion in 40 years before declining. Despite greater rights, many women are still not fully empowered to determine their desired family size.
India’s average fertility rate among women has dropped to 1.9, below the replacement level of 2.1 needed to keep the population stable. This indicates that Indian women are having fewer children compared to before, signaling a future decline in population.
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