On July 3, 1988, the US warship USS Vincennes fired missiles at Iran Air Flight 655 over the Persian Gulf, killing all 290 passengers aboard. The US claimed it was a mistaken identity, suspecting a hostile fighter jet, but evidence showed it was a civilian plane on a commercial route. The attack is widely condemned as a calculated war crime during the Iran-Iraq war, leaving a lasting scar in Iranian history and fueling calls for justice and resistance.