Recent clashes between China and the Philippines in the disputed Second Thomas Shoal area of the South China Sea have renewed questions about the United States’ role in Asia. A Filipino soldier was injured in a confrontation with the Chinese coast guard around the Philippines’ aging Sierra Madre warship. An international tribunal ruling supported the Philippine claim, but China did not accept it.

The United States expressed support for the Philippines, yet Asian countries are increasingly concerned about Washington’s capacity to counter China while much of its military strength and resources are engaged in the ongoing war with Iran. The report says the United States is already facing shortages of key missile-defense equipment. China, meanwhile, demonstrated military capability by testing a nuclear-capable intercontinental missile.

Critics say the Trump administration is weakening the US position in Asia, while plans to close several US consulates in Japan and Indonesia have drawn criticism. US defense officials have urged Asian allies to increase defense spending and military coordination with US forces. Washington continues military cooperation with Manila, and Japan is also taking part in military exercises with the Philippines.