The Tamil Nadu government has approached the Supreme Court challenging the Madras High Court’s directive that imposed a complete ban on cow and calf slaughter across the state. The High Court had issued the order in May 2026, citing the need to boost milk production and strengthen the rural economy by enforcing a 1976 government order. The directive followed a public interest litigation filed by a Coimbatore resident seeking to stop public cow slaughter.

The High Court bench of Justices G R Swaminathan and V Lakshminarayanan had instructed the state’s Chief Secretary and Additional Director General of Police (Law and Order) to implement the ban immediately. The court also observed that cow slaughter is not a mandatory religious practice and referred to Article 48 of the Indian Constitution, which advocates for cow protection.

In its Supreme Court petition, the Tamil Nadu government argued that the High Court’s order was self-contradictory, as it simultaneously allowed licensed slaughterhouses while imposing a total ban. The state also noted that the petitioner had not sought a statewide prohibition, and that the High Court had exceeded its jurisdiction.